Costa Rica

Costa Rica is in Central America, with coastlines along the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. Its east and west coasts are separated by volcanic mountains, some still active. Most of the country is used for human activities, in its majority by rangeland. Costa Rica has high biodiversity rarity of terrestrial land vertebrates at a global scale. When analysed as single taxons, the rarity of amphibians, birds, mammals and reptiles is also high. The rarity of marine fish and mammals is also high. Challenges to biodiversity include deforestation; soil erosion; coastal marine pollution; fisheries overuse; solid waste; and air pollution.